Dict0

Pronunciation of Taiwanese Word in TMSS
and Phonetogram
A new-hand in TMSS will find it easier to read by writing a separator ( ' ) before every consonant letter in the Taiwanese word.

. . . . . . . . .. . .to EDUTECH Entry-Page

Phonetogram is a modern diagramatic phonetics by arranging vowels at proper
position that expresses whether it is to be pronounted in ordinary height, elevated hight, or lowered height. In the following tables, phonetogram is given withredcharacters.

Unaspirated consonants (Round consonants)
. b~-[b~]. English : . bad, basket, big, bill, book, bush, beg, better, boy, about, cabinet,
. . . . . . about, cabinet, stable, tribune, inbed, aboard, stubborn, brother
. . . . Japanese: . obasan, oba'asan, bo'ia, obake

. c~-[[c~]. English: . cicisbe'o . . German: Cicero, circa, cis, cirto .
. . . . Japanese: . ci'isai, aira, kocira, gocisoo . .

. g~-[g~]. English: . gas, gun, give, gift, good, get, god, go, gone, girl, glider, great,again, ago
. . . . German: . guten Morgen . . Japanese: gocisoo

. j~-[j~]. English: . just, jazz, jigsaw, jealous, jelly, joy, joint, ajar
. . . . Japanese: . ajinomoto, ojisan, oji'isan, ojiorcian

. k~-[k~]. English: . broken, waiking, taking, broken, walkway, ski, skill

. l~-[l~] . English: . liberty, lubricant, lesson, lobby, allow, glass, slope, only,slowly

. m~-[m~]. English: . margine, mistress, moon, Mecca, Mongol, monkey, amount

. n~-[n~] . English: . Napoleon, Nipple, noon, net, nonsence, another, anybody, snow

. p~-[p~]. English: . apple, supper, happiness, copy, Nepal, Apollo, spot, apron, spy

. s~-[s~]. English: . Sunday, sister, soup, set, society, smooth, aspirin

. t~-[t~]. English: . metallic, notebook, atom, meticulour, category, saturate, history

. z~-[z~^or.ts~]. German: . Zauber, zehn, zusammen, Zorn .

Aspirated consonants (Sharp consonants)
. ch~-[c~]. English: . chicken, chief, cheer, cheese, child

. h~-[h~].. English: . have, history, hood, head, hostile, hot

. kh~-[k~]. .English: . [k^h~] key, king, Khan, khaddal, khaki, khalifa, khamsin, Khud

. ph~-[p~]. . English: . [p^h~] pay, put, pant, picture, speak, pool, profit, population

. th~ [t~]. . English: . [t^h~] tea, tie, tone, Thames, thym
. . . . . . . German: . Thema, Thales, Thor .

. zh~-[z~^or.ts~]. . .

Nasal consonants [v~]
. v~ . . cv~ . . chv~ . . gv~ . . kv~ . . khv~ . ¡@pv~ . . phv~ . . sv~ .
. . . . tv~ . . thv~ . . zv~ . . zhv~ .

Low stops
. ~b-[_~_b]. . . .~d-[_~_d] . . . . ~g-[_~_g] . . . . ~q [_~_q]

High stops

. ~p-[^~^p] . . . . ~t-[^~^t] . . . . ~k [^~^k] . . . ~h [^~^h].

Vowels of fundamental tone [!] represents a blank consonant.

. a [!a] ..ai-[!ai]. au-[!au]. am-[!am]. an-[!an]. ang-[!ang]. . e-[!e]. eng-[!eng]
. i-[!i] .ia-[!ia] .iau-[!!iau] .io-[!io] .iu-[!iu] .im-[!im] .in-[!in] .iang-[!iang] .iong-[!iong] .ien-[!ien].
. o-[!o] .oa-[!oa] oai-[!oai] oe-[!oe] ong-[!ong] oan-[!oan]o-[!o] oe-[!oe](= oe ^or.e)
. u-[!u] .ui-[!ui] .un-[!un] .. . m-[!m] .ng-[!ng] .¡@

Vowels of raised tone
. af [!^a] ..ay [!^ai] .aw [!^au] .afm [!^am] .afn [!^an] .afng [!^ang] . . ef-[!^e] .efng [!^eng]
. y [!ⁱ] ..iaf [!^ia] .iaw [!^iau] .iof [!^io] .iw [!^iu] .ym [!^im] .yn [!ⁱⁿ] .iafng [!^iang] .iofng [!^iong] . iefn [!^ien] .
. of [!^o] ..oaf [!^oa] oay [!^oai] oef [!^oe] ofng [!^ong] oafn [!^oan] of [!^o]oef [!^oe]
. w [!^u] ..uy [!^ui] .wn [!^un] . . mf [!^m] . . ngf [!^ng]

Vowels of pushed-up tone
. ar [!^a+] ..ae [!^a+i] .ao [!^au+] .arm [!^am+] .arn [!^an+] .arng [!^ang+] . . ea[!^e+] .erng [!^eng+]
. ie [!ⁱ⁺] ..iar [!^ia+] .iao [!^iau+] .ior [!^io+] .iuo [!^iu+] .irm [!^im+] .irn [!ⁱⁿ⁺] .iarng [!^iang+] .iorng [!^iong+] . iern [!^ien+]
. or [!^o+] .oar [!^oa+] oae [!^oai+] oea [!^oe+] orng [!^ong+] oarn [!^oan+] .or [!^o+] oea [!^oe+]
. uo [!^u+] ..uie [!^ui+] urn [!^un+] . . mr [!^m+] . . ngr [!^ng+]

Vowels of pushed-down tone
. ax [!_a] ..aix [!_ai] .aux [!_au] .axm [!_am] .axn [!_an] .axng [!_ang] . . ex [!_e] .exng [!_eng]
. ix [!_i] ..iax [!_ia] .iaux [!_iau] .iox [!_io] .iux [!_iu] .ixm [!_im] .ixn [!_in] .iaxng [!_iang] .ioxng [!_iong] . iexn [!_ien] .
. ox [!_o] ..oax [!_oa] oaix [!_oai] oex [!_oe] oxng [!_ong] oaxn [!_oan] . . ox [!_o] oex [!_oe]
. ux [!_u] ..uix [!_ui] uxn [!_un] . . mx [!_m] . . ngx [!_ng]

Vowels of bend tone
. aa [!a^a] ..aai-[!a^i]. aau-[!a^u]. aam-[!a^m]. aan-[!a^n]. aang-[!a^ang]. . . ee-[!e^e]. eeng-[!e^eng]
. ii-[!i^i] .iaa-[!ia^a] .iaau-[!ia^u] .ioo-[!io^o] .iuu-[!iu^i] .iim-[!^iim] .iin-[!i^n] .iaang-[!ia^ang] .ioong-[!io^ong] .ieen-[!ie^en].
. oo-[!o^o]oaa-[!oa^a] oaai-[!oa^i] oee-[!oe^e] oong-[!o^ong] oaan-[!oa^an]oo-[!o^o] .oee-[!oe^e] (= oee ^oree) . uu-[!u^u] .uii-[!u^i] .uun-[!u^un] .. . mm-[!m^m] .ngg-[!ng^g]

Pronunciation of Taiwanese Word in TMSS and Phonetogram.. . . .. . . . by Prof. Liim K. H.